The Chongzhen Emperor (Chinese: ??; pinyin: Chóngzhen; 6 February 1611 – 25 April 1644), personal name Zhu Youjian (Chinese: ???; pinyin: Zhu Yóujian), was the 17th and last Emperor of the Ming dynasty as well as the last Han Chinese to reign as Emperor of China.
He reigned from 1627 to 1644.
"Chongzhen," the era name of his reign, means "honorable and auspicious".
Zhu Youjian was son of the Taichang Emperor and younger brother of the Tianqi Emperor, whom he succeeded to the throne in 1627.
He battled peasant rebellions and was not able to defend the northern frontier against the Manchu.
When rebels reached the capital Beijing in 1644, he committed suicide, ending the Ming dynasty.
Author: Unknown Source: He Li: Power and Glory: Court Arts of China's Ming Dynasty, Asian Art Museum San Francisco, 2008 License: CC-PD-Mark PD-Art (PD-old-100)