Petru Poni (4 January 1841 – 2 April 1925) was a Moldavian (later Romanian) chemist and mineralogist.
Born into a family of raze?i (free peasants) in Sacare?ti, Ia?i County, he attended primary school in Târgu Frumos.
In 1852, he enrolled in Academia Mihaileana; among his teachers were August Treboniu Laurian and Simion Barnu?iu.
He entered the University of Paris in 1865, studying chemistry there.
He returned home following graduation, teaching physics and chemistry at Ia?i's National College and at the military high school.
In 1878, he became a professor at the University of Ia?i, at first teaching at the medicine and science faculties, later only in the mineral chemistry department of the latter.
He served as Religious Affairs and Education Minister three times: in 1891, 1895-1896 and in 1918.
A bitter rival of his was the Conservative Titu Maiorescu, and he was obliged to leave the Liberal cabinet in 1896 after a dispute related to the Romanian Orthodox Church.
When not in government, he continued to work in his chemistry laboratory in Ia?i.A titular member of the Romanian Academy from 1879, he was also the Academy's president between 1898 and 1901, and again between 1916 and 1920.