Arthur Cayley, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

Arthur Cayley

English mathematician

Date of Birth: 16-Aug-1821

Place of Birth: Surrey, England, United Kingdom

Date of Death: 26-Jan-1895

Profession: lawyer, mathematician, university teacher

Nationality: United Kingdom

Zodiac Sign: Leo

Arthur Cayley (; 16 August 1821 – 26 January 1895) was a prolific British mathematician who worked mostly on algebra.
He helped found the modern British school of pure mathematics. As a child, Cayley enjoyed solving complex maths problems for amusement.
He entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where he excelled in Greek, French, German, and Italian, as well as mathematics.
He worked as a lawyer for 14 years. He postulated the Cayley–Hamilton theorem—that every square matrix is a root of its own characteristic polynomial, and verified it for matrices of order 2 and 3.
He was the first to define the concept of a group in the modern way—as a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws.
Formerly, when mathematicians spoke of "groups", they had meant permutation groups.
Cayley tables and Cayley graphs as well as Cayley's theorem are named in honour of Cayley.