Yakov Anufrievich Rylsky (Russian: ???? ?????????? ????????) (October 25, 1928, in the village of Aleksandrovka, Verkhubinsky District, East Kazakhstan Region – December 9, 1999, in Moscow) was an Olympic champion and three-time world champion sabre fencer of the Soviet Union.
He competed in three Olympiads, and won two medals for the Soviet Union's fencing team.