Johann Christian Friedrich Steudel (25 October 1779, in Esslingen am Neckar – 24 October 1837, in Tübingen) was a German Lutheran theologian.
He was a brother of botanist Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel (1783–1856).
From 1797 he studied Protestant theology at the University of Tübingen.
Beginning in 1803, he worked as a vicar in Oberesslingen, and two years later, became a tutor at Tübinger Stift.
In 1808 he traveled to Paris, where he studied with Silvestre de Sacy and Carl Benedict Hase.
Following his return to Germany, he served as a deacon in Cannstatt (from 1810) and Tübingen (from 1812).
In 1815 he became an associate professor of theology at the University of Tübingen, where in 1822 he gained a full professorship.
From 1826 onward, he was a professor of dogmatics and Old Testament theology at the university.He was a proponent of rational supernaturalism, and was the last prominent member of the so-called "Old Tübingen School" of theology.
During the latter part of his career, he spearheaded an attack on David Strauss's controversial book, Das Leben Jesu.