With the Province of Canada on military alert due to the American Civil War, Blanchet joined the militia and raised a battalion to defend the frontier against raids from the United States.
During the Fenian Raids of 1866 and 1870, he was in command of the militia on the south shore of the St.
Lawrence River.
Blanchet was a Conservative and first ran for election to the Legislative Assembly in 1857 but was defeated.
He supported Canadian Confederation as a means of defending British North America against possible attack by the United States.
He was concurrently elected in the 1867 federal election to the new House of Commons of Canada and to the Quebec Legislative Assembly.
Under the law of the day, he was allowed to be a member of both legislatures at the same time.
He became Speaker of the provincial legislature and served in that position for two terms.
In the federal House of Commons, he was named by Prime Minister Sir John A.
Macdonald to a committee investigating the Pacific Scandal.
The federal election law was changed in 1874 to prohibit Members of Parliament (MPs) from concurrently sitting in a provincial legislature.
Blanchet chose to resign his seat in the federal House of Commons.
The election returned the Conservatives to power, and Macdonald nominated Blanchet to be Speaker of the House of Commons.
Due to the tradition of alternating between English and French Speakers after each election, he returned to the backbenches following the 1882 election despite a successful term as Speaker.
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