Princess Maria Sophia Dorothea Caroline of Thurn and Taxis (full German name: Maria Sophia Dorothea Caroline, Prinzessin von Thurn und Taxis) (4 March 1800, Regensburg, Free Imperial City of Regensburg, Holy Roman Empire – 20 December 1870, Regensburg, Kingdom of Bavaria) was a member of the House of Thurn and Taxis and a Princess of Thurn and Taxis by birth and a member of the House of Württemberg and a Duchess of Württemberg through her marriage to Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg, a German naturalist and explorer.