He declared he aimed at an end to government corruption; to the shock of American officials, he declared U.S.
policies were responsible for the ongoing fraud.
Once ousted by the U.S.-backed 14 December 1960 countercoup by General Phoumi Nosavan, Kong Le and his paras retreated to the strategic Plain of Jars, gathering recruits to the neutralist cause along the way.
Once established on the Plain as the Forces Armee Neutraliste (Neutral Armed Forces), this third side in the Laotian Civil War would begin to splinter as neutralists began to favor either the Communist or Royalist forces.
In April 1963, the Patriotic Neutralists broke off to ally themselves with the communist Pathet Lao, while Kong Le engineered a rapprochement with the Royalists for FAN.
Over the next couple of years, FAN's battle performance in support of the Royalists was poor; especially striking was their inability to overcome a Vietnamese communist stronghold overlooking the FAN main base at Muang Soui's all-weather airfield.
As Kong Le's subordinates became increasingly dissatisfied, and FAN units began to mutiny, he was forced to leave Laos on 17 October 1966.
He would remain in exile, in Indonesia, Hong Kong, the United States, and France.
Author: Bill Lair Source: Ahern, Thomas; Undercover Armies, 1961-1973; Washington 2006 (Center for the Study of Intelligence, CIA); [www.foia.cia.gov/vietnam/6_UNDERCOVER_ARMIES.pdf stark zensierte Version] (Klassifizierung “secret” 2009 aufgehoben) License: CC-PD-Mark PD CIA PD US Government