Valter or Walter Roman (October 9, 1913 – November 11, 1983), born Ernst or Erno Neuländer, was a Romanian communist activist and soldier.
During his lifetime, Roman was active inside the Romanian, Czechoslovakian, French, and Spanish Communist parties as well as being a Comintern cadre.
He started his military career as a volunteer in the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War, and rose to prominence in Communist Romania, as a high-level politician and military official.
Valter was the father of Petre Roman, a post-1989 politician, who served as Prime Minister.