Hedvig Elizabeth von Biron of Courland (1727–1797), was a princess of Courland and a Russian courtier, daughter of the Duke of Courland, Ernst Johann von Biron, and Benigna Gottlieb von Trotha gt Treyden, and the sister of Peter von Biron.
She was the Ober-Hofmeisterin of the Empress Elizabeth of Russia and an influential person at the Russian court.