Solomon (Shloyme) Mikhoels (Yiddish: ???? ???????? [also spelled ?????? ??????? during the Soviet era], Russian: C?????? (??????) ???????, 16 March [O.S.
4 March] 1890 – 13 January 1948), was a Soviet Jewish actor and the artistic director of the Moscow State Jewish Theater.
Mikhoels served as the chairman of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee during World War II.
However, as Joseph Stalin pursued an increasingly anti-Semitic line after the War, Mikhoels's position as a leader of the Jewish community led to increasing persecution from the Soviet state.