Ludwik Fleck, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

Ludwik Fleck

Polish physician

Date of Birth: 11-Jul-1896

Place of Birth: Lviv, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine

Date of Death: 05-Jun-1961

Profession: writer, physician, biologist, university teacher, sociologist, microbiologist, philosopher, immunologist

Nationality: Poland

Zodiac Sign: Cancer

Ludwik Fleck (11 July 1896 – 5 June 1961) was a Polish and Israeli physician and biologist who did important work in epidemic typhus in Lwów, Poland, with Rudolf Weigl and in the 1930s developed the concepts of the "Denkstil" ("thought style") and the "Denkkollektiv" ("thought collective"). The concept of the "thought collective" defined by him is important in the philosophy of science and in logology (the "science of science"), helping to explain how scientific ideas change over time, much as in Thomas Kuhn's later notion of the "paradigm shift" and in Michel Foucault's concept of the "episteme".