She and her sister, Mary Electa Allen (1858–1941), were both schoolteachers, who left teaching when they became deaf in their thirties.
Their deafness led the sisters to take up photography, in which they became very successful.
By 1895, they were permanently exhibiting and selling their prints from their families ancestral home.
Many of their works were never attributed to one sister or the other, but to "the Misses Allen." Many of their idyllic images harken back to an idealized version of the region's colonial history.
In 1899, the Allens sisters joined Deerfield's Arts and Crafts Movement, and began to document the works of its earliest members.
In 1907, Frances Allen was elected Director of the Society of Deerfield Industries.