James Cholmondeley (18 April 1708 – 13 October 1775) was a British Army officer and Member of Parliament between 1731 to 1747.
He fought at Fontenoy and during the 1745 Rising commanded a brigade at the Battle of Falkirk, where he suffered severe exposure.
He retired from politics in 1747 and ceased his active military service in 1750, although promoted General in 1770.
His marriage ended in divorce in 1737 and he had no children; he died in 1775 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.