He succeeded his father in 1727 and his uncle Hon.
Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington, in 1743.
From the latter he inherited Compton Place in Eastbourne.
Lord Northampton married Elizabeth, 14th Baroness Ferrers of Chartley, in 1716.
He had no sons and was succeeded in the barony of Compton, which could be passed on through female lines, by his daughter Lady Charlotte, who also succeeded her mother in the barony of Ferrers of Chartley.
The earldom was passed on to his younger brother George.