Arthur Seyss-Inquart (German: Seyß-Inquart ; 22 July 1892 – 16 October 1946) was an Austrian Nazi politician who served as Chancellor of Austria in 1938 for two days, before the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany (the Anschluss).
During World War I, Seyss-Inquart fought for the Austro-Hungarian Army with distinction.
After the war he became a successful lawyer, and went on to join the governments of Chancellors Engelbert Dollfuss and Kurt Schuschnigg.
In 1938, Schuschnigg resigned in the face of a German invasion, and Seyss-Inquart was appointed his successor.
The newly installed Nazis proceeded to transfer power to Germany, and Austria subsequently became the German province of Ostmark, with Seyss-Inquart as its governor (Reichsstatthalter).
Following the fall of the Low Countries in World War II, Seyss-Inquart was appointed Reichskommissar of the occupied Netherlands.
He instituted a reign of terror, with Dutch civilians subjected to forced labour and the vast majority of Dutch Jews deported and murdered.
At the Nuremberg trials, Seyss-Inquart was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, sentenced to death, and executed.