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About Ruth Bonner
- Ruf Grigorievna Bonner (Russian: ???? ??????????? ??????; 1900 — 25 December 1987), also known as Ruth Bonner, was a Soviet Communist activist and who spent eight years in a labor camp during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge.
- She was the mother of the human rights activist Yelena Bonner and the mother-in-law of physicist and dissident Andrei Sakharov. Bonner was born in 1900 into a Russian Jewish family in Siberia.
- Her mother, Tatiana Matveyevna Bonner early widowed, was widowed and left with three small children.Bonner's first husband was Armenian Levon Sarkisovich Kocharian, who died when Yelena was a year old.In the 1930s, Bonner was a health official in the Communist Party committee of Moscow while her second husband, Gevork Alikhanyan, aka Georgy Alikhanov, was a director at the Comintern.
- As part of Stalin's mass purges in 1937, her husband was arrested on charges of espionage and sentenced to death.
- Bonner was arrested a few days after her husband and spent the next eight years in the Gulag near Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
- After her release she spent another nine years in internal exile.
- In 1954 she was one of the first of Stalin's victims to be rehabilitated under the new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev.
- Her husband was rehabilitated posthumously.When her daughter Yelena and her son-in-law Andrei Sakharov were exiled to Gorky in 1980, she was allowed to move to the United States to be with her grandchildren.
- She returned to Moscow in June 1987 to live with her daughter, whose exile had been lifted by Mikhail Gorbachev in December 1986.
- She died in Moscow on 25 December 1987, aged 87.
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