Clayton (October 13, 1840 – December 14, 1920) was an American lawyer and judge in post-Civil War Arkansas and Indian Territory Oklahoma.
He was the United States Attorney for the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas and the chief prosecutor in the court of "hanging judge" Isaac Parker for 14 years.
He was the brother of Arkansas Governor Powell Clayton, President Judge of the Thirty-Second Judicial District of Pennsylvania Thomas J.